{"id":248,"date":"2009-09-09T23:51:43","date_gmt":"2009-09-09T23:51:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/moemaka.org\/wp\/?p=248"},"modified":"2009-09-09T23:51:43","modified_gmt":"2009-09-09T23:51:43","slug":"maung-shwe-2010-challenges-and-national-league-for-democracy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/moemaka.net\/eng\/2009\/09\/maung-shwe-2010-challenges-and-national-league-for-democracy\/","title":{"rendered":"Maung Shwe &#8211; 2010 Challenges and National League for Democracy"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">Xxx &#8211; &#8211; &#8211; &#8211; xxX<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One; color: maroon\">Parliament of the Union in 2010<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One; color: maroon\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">This is a scene in Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, Parliament of Union of Burma in a period beyond 2010. In front of the chairperson of the Parliament, a People\u2019s Representative elected by 2010 General Election is presenting an important report concerned to decide approval on the Federal Government\u2019s annual budget proposal. Members of the Parliament\u00a0 are much interested on the report and paying deep attention to the People\u2019s Representative presenting the report. In his presentation, the representative highlights the following important matters needed to consider before making decision on the budget proposal.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">When      he reviewed allocation of government budget in last 20 years, he noticed      that budget allocated for defence sector is around 40% to 50% of total      government expenditure budget,<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">but      allocated budget for health sector was only 1% to 2% of total government      expenditure budget in the same period, the last 20 years.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">This      expenditure was just enough for 10% to 18% of health sector\u2019s total      requirement and the amount of the budget was almost utilized only for      health infrastructure development such as constructing clinics, hospital      etc.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">So      that the gap, budget requirement on 82% to 90% of health sector      expenditure was filled up by supports from UN agencies, International      Development Agencies and out-of-pocket of the people in Burma.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">All      these supports were utilized for health care services, immunization      programme, disease prevention such as HIV\/AIDS, TB and Malaria, medical      research purposes and human resource development initiatives.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">The      situation means our health sector relied too much on international      supports and as a result, interventions in health sector were limited and      not able to expand as needed especially in public health arena. As an      example, interventions in three major public health problems of Burma, HIV\/AIDS, TB and Malaria, confronted      much difficulties in 2005 after Global Fund organization suddenly ceased      their supports to Burma.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">When      I look at the Government\u2019s budget proposal again, it is very similar to      allocation of budget in the last 20 years.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">Health      is basic need of people in Burma.      If we can rearrange budget expenditure in defence sector, a little bit      reduction from 40% to 30%, and move the excess budget to health sector,      that will be quite enough to fill up health sector\u2019s budget requirement      and this reallocation will truly benefit for health of the people in      Burma.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">So      government can allocate international supports to areas of need in Burma      effectively and efficiently. People living with healthy life can utilize      their saving money, previously used for their unhealthy conditions, to      other needs and this grassroots level change will contribute to national      development initiatives.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">The Representative concludes his presentation with highlights on the link between health sector development and national development and advocates the members of Parliament to agree on reallocation of the budget between defence and health sectors and to increase budget allocation for health. After his presentation, Chairperson of the Parliament opens the floor and gives opportunity to discuss the issue among the Members of Parliament. Many representatives discuss and support the presenter\u2019s view and when looking at the supporters, almost are People Representatives elected by the 2010 General Election. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">A member of who is assigned by Commander-in-Chief of Defence Services as his representative stands up in the Parliament hall and says that:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">Great      honour to the representative for his endeavour to improve health of the      people in Burma      and development of the nation, <\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">BUT,      as a representative of the Commander-in-Chief to Parliament , he has a      point to let members in the Parliament\u00a0 know that Tamadaw (the      Defence Services) has the right to independently administer and adjudicate      all affairs of its services that is clearly mentioned in the 2008 National      Constitution under Chepter-1, Section-20( b), and<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">Based      on the right of Defence Services, the issue presented by the People\u2019s      Representative is beyond the scope of the Parliament and suggests all      members to rethink about the matter deeply.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">Two representatives of Commander-in-Chief also support their colleague\u2019s point of view and against reallocation of the defence sector budget. Other military representatives are too silent and elected People Representatives with business background express their mood that they do not want to dispute the military representatives and do not give any comments on this matter.<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">Time was gradually running out and there is no further productive and decisive discussion comes out on the matter whether to reallocate the government\u2019s budget proposal submitted by President of the State. Chairperson of the Parliament announces to vote for this matter by using his power in accord with 2008 National Constitution\u2019s Chapter-4, Section 86(a).<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">The Parliament \u2013 the highest institution of legislative power in Burma beyond 2010 comprised of 498 Representatives elected by people of Burma and 166 Representatives selected by Commander-in-Chief of the Defence Services \u2013 uses its power in accord with the 2008 National Constitution\u2019s<span>\u00a0 <\/span>\u00a0 Chapter-4, Section 103(c) and makes decision by voting whether defence sector\u2019s expenditure budget should reallocate to health. In the result, 78% of the Representatives agree the report to increase health sector expenditure budget up to 10% of total government expenditure by reallocating some budget from defence sector. This voting result shows that some representatives of Commander-in-chief also agree on this report and the result makes great satisfaction to the People\u2019s Representatives.<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One; color: maroon\">Default button and Commander-in-Chief<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">But the satisfaction is vaporised in a short time. While office of the Chairperson of the Parliament is preparing to make official announcement related to the voting result, the Chairperson receives a letter from Commander-in-Chief. In the letter, the Commander-in-Chief states that if defence sector budget expenditure in the government\u2019s budget proposal is reduced and reallocate to other sector, that will drastically affect on the defence forces\u2019 future plan of actions and this kind of action by Parliament is not in accordance with the 2008 National Constitution\u2019s Chapter-1, Section 20(b). In his conclusion, the Commander-in-Chief makes strong comment that he cannot agree to reduce defence sector\u2019s budget expenditure and suggests the Chairperson and Parliament members to find alternative ways for the needs of health sector budget. A few days after the event, the Chairperson receives another letter again from the Commander-in-Chief and in the letter; the Commander informs that he has substituted 10 representatives among his 166 representatives to the Parliament.<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">Xxx &#8211; &#8211; &#8211; &#8211; xxX<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">This is a scenario came in mind after reading the 2008 National Constitution of Burma and thinking is just based on a function and power of Parliament and it is ended up by supreme power of a position. If important constitutional matters were be thought in this scenario, the scenario will take so many pages for events such as un successful submission of proposals to revise the constitution, failure at voting though the proposals are success, confrontations in organizing referendum though votes agree to call national referendum for revised 2008 National Constitution, military coups though referendum approve the revised National Constitution. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">But a significant matter will be clearly seen in the long story that is after the 2008 National Constitution comes into operation, military coups in Burma will be constitutional right and responsibility of Commander-in-Chief of the defense services. As a result, upcoming military governments will not have legitimacy problem which is the intense headache for the junta today. Therefore, opposition groups\u2019 today responses on the current junta like establishing parallel government and parliament in exile, and conducting credential challenge to the junta\u2019s representative to the United Nation will not be seen on Burma political stage beyond 2010.<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">Lesson learned from above scenario is that the Commander-in-Chief\u2019s has set default buttons in the 2008 National Constitution. All functions of the state \u2013 judicial, legislative and executive branches \u2013 will look like a computer programme for Commander-in-Chief of defense services and he can reset the programme whenever he wants by using the default buttons.<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One; color: maroon\">A Painful Experience<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">Political parties in Burma, different opposition groups and activists in exile, and leaders of ethnic minorities organized and supported vote \u2018No\u2019 or \u2018No\u2019 vote campaigns before and during the National referendum in 2008. The reason why they supported and organized the campaigns is they had noticed the default buttons. In other words, the 2008 National Constitution is designed to be manageable one for a position, Commander-in-Chief of the defense forces and person at the position can control all the functions of judicial, legislative and executive branches of the state whatever the wishes of all People\u2019s Representatives are.<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">Regarding the constitution, the UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon made a proposal to the junta\u2019s supremo in March 2008, before the referendum and in the proposal, Ban suggested five issues: firstly, to allow establishment of UN Special envoy Mr. Gambri\u2019s office in Rangoon, in Burma; secondly, to release political prisoners including Daw Aung San Suu Kyi; thirdly, to make direct dialogue between Daw Aung San Su Kyi and Senior General Than Shwe; fourthly, to review the drafted National Constitution together with NLD and ethnic leaders who were not able to take part in National Convention since 2004; and fifthly, to establish National Economic Forum to discuss issues related to economic, social and humanitarian assistances to Burma. But the junta refused all five points of the UN SG\u2019s proposal and arranged National Referendum in May 2008. By using various ways to get approval on the 2008 Constitution designed by military officials and civil servants, the junta announced that 92% of voters in referendum approved the National Constitution.<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">At the beginning, NLD actively participated at the National Convention organized by the junta in 1993. After three years participation in the convention, at sixth meeting of the national convention in 1996, NLD representatives to the convention pointed out that the procedures applied in this convention are not in accordance with democratic practices and ignored proposals, discussion points and comments of people\u2019 representatives. All representatives in the convention are pressured to design national constitution according to wishes of the junta. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">They repeatedly requested the junta to review the procedures and cooperate with representatives but the junta\u2019s officials ignored as usual. Finally, the NLD representatives to the convention boycotted the meeting for 2 days. But the junta\u2019s reaction to the act of NLD was permanent rejection on the NLD. Chairperson of national convention\u2019s organizing committee, General Myo Nyunt announced that the committee permanently rejected NLD to the convention because of 2 days absent in the meeting. When the national convention restarted again in 2004, the junta did not invite NLD to come and join the convention.<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">In addition to NLD stand point, ethnic parties also pointed out the issues like NLD in 1996 but nobody can prevent the junta\u2019s unilateral actions in national convention and as the result, the junta was able to design National Constitution to be tailor-made one which will keep longer life of militarism and authoritative leadership in Burma.<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One; color: maroon\">Searching a way<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">Now, we are facing the 2008 National Constitution and the junta said it is approved by 92% of voters at the national referendum. Furthermore, general election organized in accordance with the constitution has to come in 2010. The reality is we have to pass 2010 election and after the event, we have to see politics in Burma like the scenario presented at the beginning of the article. The situation causes status quo for both sides as all oppositions do not want to take part in the Election, at the same time the junta have been tied by its roadmap. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">In the recent time, NLD made a great move to change the status quo that is Shwe-Gon-Daing declaration. In the declaration, NLD stated that it intends to participate in the elections if all the political prisoners including the leaders of the NLD were unconditionally released, the provisions of the (2008) Constitution which are not in accord with the democratic principles were amended, and all inclusive free and fair general elections were held under international supervision. The declaration opens a door to the junta to review and revise the constitution without affect on its sense of self-importance.<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One; color: maroon\">Dialogue: key to change the status quo<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">NLD\u2019s four dialogue agenda proposed in the Shwe-Gon-Daing clearly states that unconditional dialogue participated by the decision markers should be commenced immediately based on the principles of mutual respects and national reconciliation, and during the dialogues the issues of provision of equal opportunities for the ethnic nationalities and arrange to recognize the result of the 1990 elections by approving the result of the dialogues at the People\u2019s Parliament which is to be formed according to the People\u2019s Parliament Election Law. Finally, all the stake holders will follow unitedly the political course for the future delineated by the agreements of the dialogue as adopted by the People\u2019s Parliament.<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">If the junta is standing for people of Burma and working to be a developed and modern state, as it always says, there are no unacceptable matters mentioned in the NLD\u2019s declaration. The declaration creates a condition in which the junta will able to accomplish its legal promise in 1990 election between step-4, National Referendum, and step-5, General Election without deviating to the junta\u2018s seven-step roadmap. The declaration is the best solution to change the status quo without affecting dignity on both sides and they will have chance to review and revise the problematic constitution and make democratic reform which is real need of the people and the country today.<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One; color: maroon\">Challenges to NLD<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">As mentioned above, today\u2019s political crisis is mainly based on the 2008 National Constitution. In order to solve the crisis, the best attempt in these days is NLD\u2019s Shwe-Gon-Daing declaration and its dialogue agenda is the best solution. In reality, NLD had made extensive efforts to reach dialogue with the junta and the declaration is the latest attempt.\u00a0 Based on previous experiences, a prediction can be made that this attempt will has to face series of challenges in soon.<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">The <em>first challenge<\/em> is the junta supremo Senior General Than Shwe\u2019s preconditions for the dialogue. When he cannot escape from intense international pressure after Saffron revolution in 2007, he told the UN Secretary-General\u2019s special envoy Mr. Gambri that he is going to make dialogue with Daw Aung San Suu Kyi when she says she will not do confrontation, utter destruction and supporting sanctions. In analysis the preconditions set by General Than Shwe, the words, confrontation and utter destruction are very subjective and those will create conflicts before dialogue. So the preconditions clearly means that the junta supremo have no intent to make meaningful dialogue. In reality, all these preconditions will be automatically disappeared if a meaningful and result-oriented dialogue can be made between the general and the lady. In order to overcome this challenge, an influential negotiator will be definitely needed to negotiate between NLD who proposed unconditional dialogue and the junta supremo who proposed three preconditions before the dialogue.<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">The <em>second challenge<\/em> is trust building. The generals and their fellows have lack of trust on political parties and democracy values. An evidence of their lack of trust is speech of the Commander-in-Chief of defence services at 64<sup>th<\/sup> Armed Force Day in March 2009. In the speech, the Commander-in-Chief Senior General Than Shwe said that if looking back to history of the country, from YMCA<sup>1<\/sup>, GCBA<sup>2<\/sup>, and <em>Dobama Asiayone<\/em><sup>3<\/sup> to AFPFL<sup>4<\/sup> in middle, <em>Pyithu y\u00e8baw<sup>5<\/sup><\/em>,<em> <\/em>Burma Communist Party and National United Front in end, all political parties ended up with loose, disorganized and separated position. He also said that armed forces is only one organization since its establishment stand for people in Burma in each and every national affair and he made remark not to rely on political parties\u2019 capacity and capability for national development. It means the general has no trust on political parties and at the mean time he organizes his fellows not to believe the parties like him.<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">This mind-set is really problematic for the future of the country and will make problems along the way to reach proper democratic system. Obvious outcomes of the mind-set are the design of the 2008 National Constitution and giving various reasons and setting pessimistic preconditions to avoid dialogue. Without trust, there is no away for trust building. In order to overcome this challenge, oppositions should do more advocacy to the generals to realise that these days are the best time to do national reconciliation because while they have organise their armed forces, Daw Aung San Suu Kyi have organise people in Burma including ethnic. If the both sides work together effectively, they can build a well united and developed nation. This is everybody\u2019s expectation in these days.\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">The <em>third challenge<\/em> is communication between the party and the people in Burma. Nowadays, the junta treated NLD, amputated his all limbs and plugged wools in his mouth. In order to overcome this challenge, NLD will need to make improvement on its media and communication channels to be better than today. Because of lack of or poor communication, people feel that they have lost leadership which feeling is worsened by 20 years duration of the attempt in restoration of democracy in Burma. NLD will need to create available and suitable media and channels to convey its important messages to people in Burma.<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">The <em>fourth challenge<\/em> is time. 2010 will be in soon. In order to counter the junta\u2019s moves in timely manner, NLD will need to consider any possibilities in advance and make contingency plans for every possibility. The junta strategically hide the time frame in his all works including the seven-step roadmap. A thing needed to remember is the junta\u2019s arrangement before National Referendum. The period between date of publishing the draft national constitution and date of National Referendum was only one and half month and that was junta\u2019s intention to make not enough time for people and party to study, criticise and mobilize vote \u2018No\u2019 to the referendum. Now, the junta will use the same strategy again in setting date of general election and publishing election law. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">The <em>fifth and last challenge<\/em> is dishonesty and untruthfulness of the junta. In its history, the junta did not follow its promises, even the law and statements those enacted by itself. Furthermore, it has attitude which can ignore the state of hundreds of thousands people were dying in disaster while it was managing for its desired results from the referendum. For this challenges, the most appropriate message liked to convey to NLD is to do hope for the best and be prepared for the worst.<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One; color: maroon\">New Modern and Developed Nation<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">In conclusion, NLD has to pass the near future full with challenges. Hoping the junta\u2019s attitude and practice will be changed in soon is too optimistic and NLD attempt alone is not enough to see the change too. However, all the thinking above is just consideration on two actors in the Burma political field. To be reality, all other faces of the junta should be taken into account such as the junta vs. other political parties, the junta vs. cease-fire groups, the junta vs. ethnic armed forces, the junta vs. UN, ASEAN, EU, Governments like US, UK, Australia, and International organizations, the junta\u2019s social and economic environment, the junta and China, Russia, India and Thai governments.<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">If every actor in all faces makes attempts to change the junta\u2019s current practice and attitude, and sets same objective and target, and uses appropriate approach to the junta, and Burma\u2019s armed forces personnel become appreciative and considerate on the political parties\u2019 and politicians\u2019 endeavour for the people and the country, the scenario presented at the beginning of the article will be needed to rewrite again. The Parliament in above scenario will become a place to discuss the best thing, decide the best way, and negotiate to see best outcomes for the people and the country. That scenario will bring the nation to be new modern developed.<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">May 9, 2009, Saturday<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>  <w:WordDocument>   <w:View>Normal<\/w:View>   <w:Zoom>0<\/w:Zoom>   <w:PunctuationKerning\/>   <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas\/>   <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false<\/w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>   <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false<\/w:IgnoreMixedContent>   <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false<\/w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>   <w:Compatibility>    <w:BreakWrappedTables\/>    <w:SnapToGridInCell\/>    <w:WrapTextWithPunct\/>    <w:UseAsianBreakRules\/>    <w:DontGrowAutofit\/>   <\/w:Compatibility>   <w:BrowserLevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4<\/w:BrowserLevel>  <\/w:WordDocument> <\/xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>  <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState=\"false\" LatentStyleCount=\"156\">  <\/w:LatentStyles> <\/xml><![endif]--><!--[if !mso]>\n\n<div   classid=\"clsid:38481807-CA0E-42D2-BF39-B33AF135CC4D\" id=ieooui><\/div>\n\n \n\n<style> st1:*{behavior:url(#ieooui) } <\/style>\n\n <![endif]--> <!--  \/* Font Definitions *\/  @font-face \t{font-family:Wingdings; \tpanose-1:5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0; \tmso-font-charset:2; \tmso-generic-font-family:auto; \tmso-font-pitch:variable; \tmso-font-signature:0 268435456 0 0 -2147483648 0;} @font-face \t{font-family:Zawgyi-One; \tpanose-1:2 11 6 4 3 5 4 4 2 4; \tmso-font-charset:0; \tmso-generic-font-family:swiss; \tmso-font-pitch:variable; \tmso-font-signature:1627421319 -2147483648 8 0 66047 0;}  \/* Style Definitions *\/  p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal \t{mso-style-parent:\"\"; \tmargin:0in; \tmargin-bottom:.0001pt; \tmso-pagination:widow-orphan; \tfont-size:12.0pt; \tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\"; \tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";} p \t{mso-margin-top-alt:auto; \tmargin-right:0in; \tmso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; \tmargin-left:0in; \tmso-pagination:widow-orphan; \tfont-size:12.0pt; \tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\"; \tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";} @page Section1 \t{size:8.5in 11.0in; \tmargin:1.0in 1.25in 1.0in 1.25in; \tmso-header-margin:.5in; \tmso-footer-margin:.5in; \tmso-paper-source:0;} div.Section1 \t{page:Section1;}  \/* List Definitions *\/  @list l0 \t{mso-list-id:1187210481; \tmso-list-template-ids:1328180480;} @list l0:level1 \t{mso-level-number-format:bullet; \tmso-level-text:\uf0b7; \tmso-level-tab-stop:.5in; \tmso-level-number-position:left; \ttext-indent:-.25in; \tmso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt; \tfont-family:Symbol;} @list l1 \t{mso-list-id:2073117417; \tmso-list-template-ids:1682337552;} @list l1:level1 \t{mso-level-number-format:bullet; \tmso-level-text:\uf0b7; \tmso-level-tab-stop:.5in; \tmso-level-number-position:left; \ttext-indent:-.25in; \tmso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt; \tfont-family:Symbol;} ol \t{margin-bottom:0in;} ul \t{margin-bottom:0in;} --> <!--[if gte mso 10]> \n\n<style>  \/* Style Definitions *\/  table.MsoNormalTable \t{mso-style-name:\"Table Normal\"; \tmso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; \tmso-tstyle-colband-size:0; \tmso-style-noshow:yes; \tmso-style-parent:\"\"; \tmso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; \tmso-para-margin:0in; \tmso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; \tmso-pagination:widow-orphan; \tfont-size:10.0pt; \tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\"; \tmso-ansi-language:#0400; \tmso-fareast-language:#0400; \tmso-bidi-language:#0400;} <\/style>\n\n <![endif]-->  <\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\" align=\"center\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One; color: blue\">2010 Challenges and National League for Democracy<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\" align=\"center\"><strong><em><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One; color: maroon\">Maung Shwe<\/span><\/em><\/strong><em><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\" align=\"center\"><strong><em><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One; color: maroon\">May 10, 2009<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<div class=\"post-body entry-content\">\n<div class=\"post-body entry-content\">\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/1.bp.blogspot.com\/_QbuIW13zOBk\/SOz_q3eLLdI\/AAAAAAAABG4\/hWhTkQNQwcE\/s1600-h\/oratha-redstar.gif\"><\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/1.bp.blogspot.com\/_QbuIW13zOBk\/SOz_q3eLLdI\/AAAAAAAABG4\/hWhTkQNQwcE\/s400\/oratha-redstar.gif\" border=\"0\" width=\"306\" height=\"229\" \/><\/div>\n<p><\/a> <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\" align=\"center\"><em><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\">Day after Day, month after month, 2010 is coming closer to us and it is the year promised by the junta to carry out General Election in accord with 2008 National Constitution. The 2010 picture is coming clear and colourful with different critics. Some analysts made optimistic comments that the election will provide new political playground with feasible space for political parties. At the same time, some analysts said the upcoming political system after 2010 is just to legitimate militarism and the dictatorship in Burma. Based on the different opinions, a scenario with possible challenges brought by new political system is created to be food for thought for readers.<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Zawgyi-One\"> <br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"more-link-p\"><a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/moemaka.net\/eng\/2009\/09\/maung-shwe-2010-challenges-and-national-league-for-democracy\/\">Read more &rarr;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[62],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-248","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-analysis"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p3RDLm-40","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/moemaka.net\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/248","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/moemaka.net\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/moemaka.net\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/moemaka.net\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/moemaka.net\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=248"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/moemaka.net\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/248\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/moemaka.net\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=248"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/moemaka.net\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=248"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/moemaka.net\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=248"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}